Chamber Music

In addition to my works on the Guitar Ensemble page, below are some of my vocal and instrumental chamber works, with and without guitar.  In addition to the score and parts, I've provided an audio and/or video recording of some of  these pieces.  There are a few pieces below which may not include the parts. If you are interested in performing any of these works, please email me and I will be glad to send them to you.  All gratis, with some restrictions. (*See below.)

Voice and Guitar

Two Songs About Nothing

1. Heiligenstadt Testament

Text by Ludwig Van Beethoven
​Music by Lou Warde

Commissioned by the Erato Ensemble for the Songs of the 21st Century Concert New Westminster, BC, September 18, 2008 
"Apposite qualities to render composer Lou Warde's setting of Beethoven's fraught, possibly suicidal letter, the Heiligenstadt Testament.  If Bach felt like home, Webern like remote energies arriving, this was full emotional inhabitation, not a word or note never in steady control as every molecule in the room changed completely for the third time.  These are musics this world needs." - Vancouver Gazette 12/7/23
2. I Have nothing to say

​Text from a quote from John Cage from a lecture
​Music by Lou Warde

Commissioned by the Erato Ensemble for the Songs of the 21st Century Concert New Westminster, BC, September 18, 2008 
Autumn

Text by Rainer Maria Rilke
Music by Lou Warde

Commissioned by William George and Michael Strutt
for a recital in Vancouver, British Columbia, April, 2014
Do not go gentle into that good night

Text by Dylan Thomas
​Music by Lou Warde

Commissioned by Will George and Michael Strutt
for their peformance at the "Dark Angels" concert
in Vancouver, British Columbia, October 11, 2012
ElDorado

Text by Edgar Allan Poe, Music by Lou Warde

for William George and Michael Strutt
songs of earth and sea

Text by Ariana Warde
​Music by Lou Warde

Commissioned by the Erato Ensemble
for its Orpheus Concert in Vancouver, BC, March 21, 2015
requiem
From the Geometrics CD
​I believe that in most controversial issues, whether social, political, or both, advocates of either side are sincere with the passion and conviction that their position is morally supported—that it is both good and right. In spite of that fact, many times we can see, in retrospect, that one side was clearly misguided. Such was the case in the nineteenth century issue of slavery in America. It is clear to see now that the South’s justification for slavery, though argued to be upheld by their interpretation of the constitution, failed to consider one important truth—the sanctity and equity of life in the human being. And while it would seem that most of us would intellectually agree with that, evidence in contemporary society demonstrates that we have not yet learned from its lessons or embraced its values.
            The delicate and sensitive nature of the subject matter in requiem, as well as the historical period in which the text is set, suggested a simple, folk-like song. 

Words and Music by Lou Warde

Voice(s) and String Quartet

Geometrics 

Geometrics
​Geometrics is a song cycle consisting of four pieces, each revealing its respective title’s geometric shape through various devices and techniques. One of these devices is the shape of the song taking on the shape of its title. In other words, the form of each song is a projection of the geometric shape suggested by its title. Meter and rhythm are also used to reference the geometric shape. In the text, the shapes are used as symbols of metaphorical imagery. These and other devices are discussed more specifically in the notes below for each piece.
1. CIRCLES
​The form in Circles is essentially ABCCBA—a palindrome. As such, the first half of the piece arches toward C, while the second half, in a mirror of the first, arches back toward A, alluding to the imagery of a circle. Repetition is another device used to suggest a circle’s unending curve. At A—the verse—both the strings and the voices repeat a two-bar motif, and at B—the chorus—the vocal line is repeated. Also at B, the second violin plays an arpeggiando, a bowing technique in which the player’s bow repeatedly rocks over the strings in a circular fashion, evoking the imagery of a circle both aurally and visually. The allegorical imagery of the text is also circular in concept: “I stand alone at noontide waiting for the sunrise; I stand alone at midnight waiting for the sunset.” At the second verse, this line is sung as a round.
            The A section—especially the closing instrumental A section—was influenced by, of all things, a mechanical noise coming from one of the attractions at Disneyland. While standing in line with my family, I noticed rhythmic sounds, resembling a cello and percussion, coming from a rotating mechanism along the path of the line. With nothing better to do, I decided to pass the time by transcribing the pattern in my head (it’s amazing what form of entertainment monotony will sometimes compel us to create). I became interested in the musical results from the seemingly random interaction between the cello-like and percussive sounds, and was inspired to consider composing a piece using some of the musical ideas. What the strings play here in Circles is not a literal transcription; rather, it is the essence of what I heard.
2. SQUARE DANCE
​The text in Square Dance expresses alienation—the idea of feeling like a square peg in a round hole (or, more specifically here, a triangular peg in a square hole). Musically, this idea is projected by creating a rhythmic friction of three against four between the melody and quartet. I have set the vocal melody and strings in two different time signatures here so that on each beat, the melody emphasizes three and the strings emphasize four. Thus, the melody is “waltzing on squares”—square dancing. From this perspective, Square Dance alludes to the imagery of two geometric shapes: a square and a triangle.
            The form—AAAA—represents the four equal sides of a square. All four sections are identical in length and harmonic progression. The form and genre of the twelve-bar blues seemed a perfect mold to project this geometric structure. The repetition of A is consistent with the twelve-bar blues form. Also typical in the blues, the twelve bars are divided into three four-bar phrases, which here is another subtle reference to the idea of three against four. Finally, the vernacular style of the blues seemed appropriate to use as an allegorical reference to the text’s “4/4” character.

(Optional– Guitar can be added, if desired)

3. TRIANGLES
​Triangle is a vocal duet written for my wife for our seventh wedding anniversary. Before our wedding, an old friend told us that our marriage might be viewed as a triangle—the two vertical sides of the triangle representing each of us, with God at the pinnacle. The idea was that as we individually drew our hearts toward God, we would, subsequently, be drawn closer to each other. I’ve attempted to musically project this concept in this piece.
            There are two melodies in Triangle, each representing a lover. These two melodies and their accompaniment are directly related to each other in that they both flow out of one heart, so to speak. The melody and harmonic progression in the soprano melody is literally a backwards performance of the melody and harmonic progression in the tenor melody. In other words, the last melody note and chord of the tenor melody are the first note and chord of the soprano melody. Through this structural symmetry, both sections literally point toward each other, manifesting both the symbolism and imagery of the triangular metaphor.
            As with the previous two pieces, the form of this piece projects the form of its title. Predictably, Triangle has three distinct sections, each representing one side of the triangle. The meter is 9/8, which divides into three both the pulse and subdivision of that pulse. Additionally, the strings play three-note chords and their harmonic progression moves in intervals of a third. Finally, it is no coincidence that Triangle is placed third in the cycle and is exactly three minutes long.
4. STRAIGHT LINE
Straight Line, written for my daughter, Ariana, depicts the geometric figure of a straight, unwavering line. The pitch—a’* (representing Ariana)—is sustained throughout the entire piece. However, instead of being presented overtly as one long pedal note sustained by a single instrument, a’ is obscured behind rhythmic and articulated variety and delegated among the strings and voice.
            I’ve inserted personal references to Ariana into this piece. At the first instrumental bridge, the strings play Hillside Lullaby, Ariana’s first composition, written when she was only six years old. The second instrumental section is an arrangement of a lullaby written for and sung to Ariana by my wife. The melody is distributed among the strings: it begins with the first violin, transfers to the second, and, finally, concludes in the viola. While the first and second violin play this melody, the viola plays fragments of the melody in diminution before it takes over the melody from the second violin.
            * a’ is the A above middle C.
​
The Shore
​2 sopranos and string quartet
From the Geometrics CD
​The Shore is a point of departure. The meaning of that is very different and personal for each of us. For one person, it may be a physical place. For another, it may symbolize a relationship or a bitter chapter in life. Regardless of how it is manifested, the Shore holds very personal experiences, emotions and memories. Departure’s face also wears many expressions—a withdrawal, a turning, an escape, or a reluctant and mournful farewell. No matter what your Shore or exodus looks like, allow The Shore to represent it.
            The string writing here is programmatic, which is to say that it paints with sound the imagery depicted in the text. As a piece that speaks of departure, it seemed appropriate to close this collection with The Shore. 
The score below is in the key of B. A version in the key of A is also available. Contact me if you are interested in that.

Voice(s) and Chamber Ensemble

Family tree
vocal quartet, string quartet and guitar
From the Geometrics CD
The opening section in Family Tree was influenced by a short film I saw years ago entitled Tango, by director Zbigniew Rybczynaki. In this film, brief, silent scenes by individual characters are successively introduced, repeated, and layered upon one another all in the same, small room. Following the introduction of each character, what becomes more intriguing than the individual scenes is how the characters interact with each other in that small space. It is this same concept and technique that is applied to the opening section here in Family Tree. The guitar, strings, and four voices are successively introduced and repeated, with each new “character” being layered upon the previous. As in Tango, the increasing juxtaposition of independent lines confined to a short space in time (four to eight bars) creates a vertically growing texture that, to me, provokes as much interest as the individual parts.
Laude jocunda
soprano, tenor, string quartet and guitar
From the Geometrics CD
The melody in the verses, sung in Latin, is an adaptation of the chant with the same title as this piece.* Other than being transposed up a fifth, the pitch material of the original chant is virtually unchanged. The rhythm of the original chant had to be modified somewhat to match the meter of the piece.
            At the chorus, the tenor sings a paraphrased English translation of the Latin text sung in the verses. I was intrigued by the concept of “a rhythmic symphony,” a phrase in that translation. I’ve projected my interpretation of this idea through a dense, contrapuntal, and polyrhythmic fabric. Of the latter, throughout the piece, individual lines can often be perceived as belonging to more than one meter. Listen carefully to the opening guitar line for an example of this.
            During the verse before the second chorus, the second violin plays the melody of another lullaby written by my wife for my daughter. Throughout the piece, there are other brief and fragmented quotes from historical musical literature.
            * “Laude jocunda,” Paris, Bibl. nat., lat. 3719, fol. 53.
​
unless thou get a son
​2 sopranos, harp and Optional cell0
Commissioned by New Music New York
for the "21st Century Shakespeare" Concert, May, 2007
If harp in unavailable, I have a setting of this piece for piano, which replaces the harp.  Additionally, I have a version with one soprano instead of two. Contact me if either of these versions interest you, and I will be glad to send them to you.

Choral

Surely he has borne our griefs
SATB a cappella
Commissioned by Arbor Road Church
for its Good Friday Service, April 19, 2019
Rachel Weeps
SATB Double Choir A CAPPELLA
BABES IN THE WOODS
SATB A CAPPELLA CHOIR AND OPTIONAL FLUTE

Misc. Chamber & Orchestral

Six to Ninety-Four
violin and guitar
From the Geometrics CD
​I wanted to include in this collection an instrumental piece for solo violin and guitar. I decided to insert this piece, which I wrote one day in early June a few years back. It was intended to be simple and light, and I think that for the listener, it is. However, there are some fast passages and rhythmic challenges that lie embedded in some fairly complex meters, which, along with the fast tempo, might provoke the violinist to disagree with the “simple” part of that description.
zachary's smile
Violin, Cello, Harp, Guitar and Percussion
Comissioned by the Real New Music Festival, June 2009
Fictitious caves
marimba and cello
Comissioned by Santa Ana College
for the occassion of its New Music Concert, November, 2008
 Below is digital realization recording of this piece.
Polly, Esther 'N June
string orchestra
Commissioned by Poly High School's String Orchestra, 1997
​Julia Gustafson, Director
Crucifixus
chamber orchestra
Meditations on the Crucifixus  is a theme and variations for chamber orchestra based on the Crucifixus from the Mass in B Minor of Johann Sebastian Bach. The theme, an eleven-pitched melody built on a succession of minor second and tritone intervals, is taken from the initial antecedent phrase between the soprano and alto (mm. 5-7) of Bach's work. The theme also, as a two-part, chromatically-descending ostinato, quotes the  ground bass of the Crucifixus.    
    While the Crucifixus laments over the suffering and death of Christ portrayed in the portion of the Credo which states, "...and was crucified for us under Pontius Pilate, suffered and was buried", each variation reflects the composer's personal contemplation upon the significance and relevance of these words to mankind.      
    The pitch, G#, is absent from the theme and is withheld from the piece until the final cadence. The special treatment of G# then emphasizes and magnifies the work's finality.        
    Using a rotational sequence in which pitches are successively and systematically extracted from the theme, tetrachords or trichords are built upon each of the theme's eleven pitches. When all eleven subsequent chords have been successively stated, each voice of these harmonies will have quoted the theme. ​
chador
Ballet with full orchestra 
Commissioned by Long Beach City College,
Department of Dance, 1995, Sheree King, Artistic Director
(Please excuse the poor audio and video quality.)
O Rubor Sanguinis
 clarinet and  cello
Commissioned by Erato Ensemble
​for the occasion of the Ayre II Concert, May 26, 2018
A Letter to my second grade teacher
SPOKEN WORD AND ORCHESTRA

String Quartet No. 1

1. contradictions

(Performed by the USC String Quartet)

2. compliments
I included this movement on my Geometrics CD, and stated the following in the liner notes:
In contrast to the more dissonant and complex language of the outer movements, I thought the aesthetic of this movement was a good match for the rest of the collection here. Most of the material throughout Compliments is derived from the first four bars of the opening violin line, reiterating it in just about every conceivable manner—backwards, fast forward, and harmonically. Toward the end of the piece (at precisely the Golden Mean*), there is a fragmented presentation of Amazing Grace, hidden within the texture of the violin solo.
            A consistent reaction from those who have heard Compliments is that the piece is very visual. Some even heard (and saw) it as part of a movie score. Whereas I did not write this piece with any program in mind, it is satisfying to hear that for some, the music manifests itself in new ways.
            * The Golden Mean is a mathematical expression of proportion—a ratio, which the ancient Greeks observed to exist in nature (i.e., the shape of a nautilus shell). For centuries, artists, architects, and engineers have used it for design. When applied to structure, this “Golden Ratio” (.618:1) becomes the focal point, or, in the case of art forms that move in time—films, poetry, and music, for example—the climax. For instance, you might take the total time or the total number of measures in a piece of music, divide it by .618, and you would find the Golden Mean.
(Performed by the USC String Quartet)
3. conversations
(Performed by the USC String Quartet)

Sweets for Woodwind Quintet

1. snicker bar
2. vanilla nut chews in see's
3. blue mm's

Arrangements

DOXOLOGY
TIN WHISTLE (or violin), BASSOON AND GUITAR
Tin Whistle, Bassoon and Guitar Version
Tin Whistle, Violin and Guitar Version
PRELUDE AND FOUR CAROLS
BRASS QUinTET, PERCUSSION AND UNISON CHOIR
Commissioned by Biola University
for their 1996 Christmas Celebration

Guitar Ensemble and Strings

Mama's Lullaby
guitar ensemble and violin or cello
Music for a loonie
Guitar ensemble and string orchestra
Commissioned by the
Vancouver Symphony Orchestra School of Music
for its Orpheum Showcase Concert, June 24, 2018
*You are free to download and/or print these scores and parts and are encouraged to perform these works.  However, like any of the material on this website, you are strictly forbidden to repost, publish (distribute), sell or receive compensation from this music in any form or context. You are welcome to video record your performance of any of the compositions and arrangements on this page or the Guitar Ensemble page, and free to share that recorded  performance on social media platforms, such as YouTube.  However,  if you intend to record any of this music, whether video or audio, with the intention to distribute and sell it  in any format, including CD, digital platforms and streaming media services, such as Spotify or iTunes, or, if you plan to sync it, or any portion of it, with film, gaming or other interactive media, you must first obtain a license from me.   Thank you. ​

  GEOMETRICS CD

"Here is music for strings and voice which sails between minimalism, referencing post-Glass, and twinkles in the reggae, and flirts with the Gregorian chant. There is sometimes the impression of listening to a rather sophisticated sound track and one imagines Kronos Quartet very well." — LaScena Musicale 

“It has been a long time since I've heard music that touches my heart as that engraved on this CD. The sounds, the ideas of what should be done with them, the poetry selection, even the lovely booklet notes warmed my very being. I have no favorites...I loved them all.”—Frank Pooler, Renowned Choral Conductor

​

Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night,
William George & Michael Strutt
Released on East CD